Electron is an open-source framework that enables developers to build cross-platform desktop applications using web technologies like JavaScript, HTML and CSS. Released in 2013, Electron has become a popular choice for creating desktop apps due to its versatility, ease of use and active community. Companies like Microsoft, Slack, Skype, Twitch and WhatsApp all use Electron.
A huge advantage of Electron is that developers can leverage their existing skills in web development to build desktop apps. There is no need to learn languages like C++, Objective-C or Java. Electron apps can be built simply using Node.js and components from the Chromium browser that powers Google Chrome. This allows wrapping the UI components along with their logic and assets into a single executable.
Electron apps can run on Windows, Mac and Linux seamlessly without any changes to code. The runtime combines the Chromium browser engine and Node.js which allows accessing OS native features like the file system, notifications and hardware. Electron apps look and feel native thanks to support for OS-specific menus, icons and other UI elements. Popular frameworks like React, Angular and Vue can be used for the frontend code.
Electron enables rapid prototyping and iteration due to its use of familiar web languages. The large community contributes prebuilt templates, tools and guides to simplify app development. Distribution is easy via platform installers and app stores. Downsides include larger app sizes due to the bundled Chromium engine. Performance can lag compared to native apps in some cases. But overall, Electron provides a desktop development framework that is extremely simple yet powerful.
In summary, Electron leverages web technologies to empower developers to quickly build cross-platform desktop apps. Its versatility and ease of use has made it a popular choice for delivering great user experiences on the desktop. Electron enables small teams to rapidly develop and ship apps across platforms and paves the way for innovative desktop applications.